OboeruPrintables › Japanese Polite Verbs (ます Form) — Free Chart

Polite verbs:

The first form you learn and the one that is safe with anyone — a stranger, a shop assistant, your boss. Build it once and five more patterns come with it.

Preview of the printed Polite verbs: ます sheet

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One page, A4 or US Letter. Free to print and share, at home or in a classroom.

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The rule, by verb group

Group 2 · -verbs (ichidan) — drop , add . akeru → akemasu
Group 3 · irregular — just two verbs: shimasu, kimasu
Group 1 · -verbs (godan) — change the last kana to the one in the same row with an i sound, then add :

Group 1: swap the last kana for its i sound

Dictionary form ends in
Polite form uses

Every group, in one table — endings not shown here swap the same way

GroupDictionary formPolite formMeaning
Group 1godan tsukau tsukaimasuuse
kiku kikimasulisten, ask
motsu mochimasuhold
oyogu oyogimasuswim
nomu nomimasudrink
tsukuru tsukurimasumake
Group 2ichidan akeru akemasuopen
okiru okimasuget up
Group 3irregular suru shimasudo
kuru kimasucome (reading changes)

The four endings — all you need for past and negative

PositiveNegative
Now / future nomimasu — drinks, will drink nomimasen — does not drink
Past nomimashita — drank nomimasen deshita — did not drink

Use it

~ましょう let’s
~ませんか shall we?
~たいです I want to
~ながら while doing
~に行きます go and do
~方 how to

Watch out

“Did not” takes two words. , never .

changes its sound. is kimasu, but is kuru. Same kanji, two readings.

Two things you get free

The part before is a building block. — every pattern in “Use it” attaches right there.

Politeness is only the ending. The meaning does not change, so you can say the same thing plainly later by swapping the ending.

Make Japanese words stick.

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