OboeruPrintables › Japanese い and な Adjectives — Free Chart

and adjectives

Japanese has two kinds of adjective and they behave differently. One changes its own ending; the other never changes and lets do the work.

Preview of the printed い and な adjectives sheet

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Telling them apart

-adjectives — end in and change their own ending. takai, expensive
-adjectives — never change. or after them does all the work. shizuka, quiet
The only shows up before a noun a quiet shop, but this shop is quiet. An -adjective needs nothing: .

All eight forms of each

-adjective · expensive-adjective · quiet
Polite · is takai desu shizuka desu
Polite · is not takakunai desu shizuka ja nai desu
Polite · was takakatta desu shizuka deshita
Polite · was not takakunakatta desu shizuka ja nakatta desu
Plain · is takai shizuka da
Plain · is not takakunai shizuka ja nai
Plain · was takakatta shizuka datta
Plain · was not takakunakatta shizuka ja nakatta

Swap for and an -adjective behaves like a verb. can be written , which sounds more formal.

Joining and describing

Job-adjective-adjective
Before a noun an expensive shop a quiet shop
Joining two
Describing a verb sell it high please be quiet

Watch out

An -adjective never takes . Past is , never .

Ending in does not make it an -adjective. pretty, famous, disliked, well are all -adjectives.

is irregular. Its forms come from : , never .

Two things you get free

“Becomes”. gets expensive, gets quiet — the same and as above.

Comparing. this one is more expensive; the most expensive. The adjective itself never changes for this.

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