OboeruPrintables › Japanese ない Form Chart — Free Printable

The -form: saying “don’t”

The plain way to say “don’t” or “doesn’t”, and the base for asking someone not to do something, for “must” and for “you don’t have to”.

Preview of the printed The ない-form: saying “don’t” sheet

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One page, A4 or US Letter. Free to print and share, at home or in a classroom.

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The rule, by verb group

Group 2 · -verbs (ichidan) — drop , add . akeru → akenai
Group 3 · irregular shinai, konai
Group 1 · -verbs (godan) — change the last kana to the one in the same row with an a sound, then add :

Group 1: swap the last kana for its a sound

Dictionary form ends in
form uses

Only one surprise: a verb ending in takes , not .

Every group, in one table

GroupDictionary form formMeaning
Group 1godan tsukau tsukawanainot use
kiku kikanainot listen
oyogu oyoganainot swim
motsu motanainot hold
nomu nomanainot drink
tsukuru tsukuranainot make
Group 2ichidan akeru akenainot open
okiru okinainot get up
Group 3irregular suru shinainot do
kuru konainot come (reading changes)
aru naithere isn’t ← odd one out

Use it

~ないでください please don’t
~なければなりません must
~なくてもいいです don’t have to
~ないほうがいいです better not
~ないで without doing
plain speech to friends

Watch out

becomes . , never .

has no form of its own — the negative of “there is” is simply .

is konai, not kinai. The same kanji is read three ways across the forms.

Two things you get free

The past. behaves like an -adjective: didn’t drink.

The polite version. means the same thing; use with friends and with everyone else.

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